Cost-effectiveness analysis of COVID-19 treatment for hospitalized patients: a healthcare provider perspective in Batam, Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis that has continued to impact health, population, and the economy. Therefore, this study aims evaluate cost-effectiveness of treatment for hospitalized patients from perspective healthcare providers. An observational was conducted retrospectively by collecting data medical records between April 1 June 30, 2021. effectiveness therapy evaluated based on guidelines in Indonesia, calculating number recovered within 14 days. only considered direct costs treatment, while analyzed using Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER) Incremental (ICER). results showed average cost per patient approximately IDR 28,114,775.52 ± 16,352,597.11. most effective Favipiravir + Levofloxacin N-acetylcysteine, followed Azithromycin with 97% 91% effectiveness, respectively. ACER treatments ranged Rp 15,596,973 58,140,864, ICER mainly located South East Quadrant, N-acetylcysteine being dominant compared other treatments, saving 161,653.97 33,870,916.17 patient. Effective provide good value health system. However, limited unavailability recent information rapidly evolving pandemic.